One of the most commonly used thermoplastic polymers in the world is PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride). It is used in a variety of industries. Since it is a thermoplastic substance, it can be softened by heating, and hardened by cooling.

PVC is known for its tough, resistance to abrasion, and descent mechanical strength. It is resistive towards corrosion, impact, weathering, abrasion, and chemical rotting. Due to its flexibility and resistance to current flow, it is used to insulate the wiring cables.

Parts of Cables:

Conductor:

It is a core part of the cable which used to conduct the electricity. Usually, copper or aluminum material is used as a conductor. Aluminum is less dense and heavier, but copper is more conductive than aluminum. Surface coating is done to protect the insulation from attacking or adhering to the copper conductor and prevents deterioration of copper at high temperatures.

Conductor Screen:

To maintain a uniform electric field and minimize electrostatic stresses, a semiconducting tape is used for power cables.

Insulation:

Thermoplastics like PVC cables are most commonly used for insulation for electrical conductors which has good insulating, flexibility, and moisture-resistant qualities. It is normally used for low or medium range voltage.

Insulation Screen:

It is also a semiconducting material that has a similar function as the conducting insulation.

Conductor Sheath:

It is used as a shield to keep electromagnetic radiation in. It also provides a path for fault or leakage current.

Filler:                                                                                                                                                 

Usually, soft materials are used to fill the interstices of the insulated cable.

Bedding or Inner Sheath:

It is used to bind the cable and providebedding for the armor. Thermosetting (CSP) or thermoplastic (PVC)is generally used for this purpose.

Individual Screen:

It is sometimes applied over each insulated conductor bundles for shielding against noise/radiation, interference from other cables, and lightning protection. It is usually a metallic or semi-metallic tape.

Drain Wire:

It is not used in power cables; rather it is used in instrument cables. Each screen is associated with drain wire which assists in the termination of the screen.

Overall Screen:

It is applied over all the insulated conductor bundles for shielding against noise/radiation, interference from other cables, lightning protection.

Armor:

It is used for the mechanical protection of the cable.

PVC Cables and Wires:

Two basic forms of PVC are rigid and flexible. Rigid form is eminently used in the production of pipes, bottles, packaging, etc. PVC mixed with plasticizers (makes PVC flexible) used in the production of cards, insulated electric cables, signage, imitation leather, and inflatable products.

They are versatile, high tensile strength, flexible, good conductors, and easy to joint. Its dynamic property makes it suitable for home appliances, wiring in circuits, power supply solutions, instruments, submarines, house wiring, mining operations, ship wiring, etc.

Major Advantages of PVC Cable:

• PVC cable or wires bear stresses related to thermos-mechanics during constant normal and short circuit conditions.
• They have high resistance against the chemical or electrolytic corrosion.
• They are unaffected by vibrations and moisture.
• PVC wires have great fire-resisting qualities due to their resilient sheath.